Tuesday, 29 August 2017

SASCO CAPE TOWN STATEMENT ON THE STATE OF CPUT Vol 1

We as the South African Students Congress (SASCO) Cape Town branch wish to communicate our stance on the recent happenings on our campus and institution.

As SASCO we do not endorse any victimisation of students by the institution. We have witnessed on numerous occasions, students being victimised by the institution for standing their ground and advocating for the liberation of all students, more especially the total liberation of African students. The system has acted in a way that seeks to silence student leaders and ensures that they are hesitant to fully execute their duties as student leaders and thus operate on a “yes mam, no mam” basis.

As SASCO we are not convinced that the actions taken against the LSRC Chairperson fall squarely into the category of victimisation. The LSRC Chairperson, who has recently held the institution at ransom because of an appearance he had to make at a Disciplinary Hearing, has behaved in a manner that is reminiscent of the lacklustre attitude of the LSRC throughout the year. Substituting their misplaced understanding of radicalism with anarchy, perpetual instability and rascalism. We feel that student leaders cannot be held to a different set of standards and processes as the students they claim to lead. Student leaders must not use mass support as a proxy to shy away from accountability, to open this door is to open the door of anarchy and hypocrisy. We do not promote the behaviour that was portrayed by the LSRC Chairperson during the registration period which eventually led to the 3 charges that were presented against him. The LSRC Chairperson could have handled this matter differently, had he been responsible and of sound mind, could have engaged in the process and got by in from students without disrupting them from their core business at university. There is a need to develop the leadership skills of the SRC. We are more than willing to facilitate a capacity building workshop for the SRC. We also aware that all these events done by pasma is because they are supporting the current LSRC Chairperson to be the next president of CPUT. This means that should by any chance pasma win CSRC, student governance in CPUT will be sent to the recycling box.

Pasma has failed to discipline their deployees and hold them accountable for their actions. Never in the history of CPUT has student governance degenerated the way it has this year. In 2017 we witnessed SRC members becoming rogue miscreant marshals in uniforms. Ask any PASMA SRC deployee (from CSRC to LSRC) about their work or something that they should have basic knowledge of- DOLOLO- they know nothing about their duties.

This year the Business Faculty (which is the biggest faculty at CPUT) went down the drain because of the work of pasma. From physical SRC fights in the office of the Dean, to the low admission of first years, to the low appeals accepted at this year. We dare you to ask the LSRC Business Faculty Rep about anything related to her SRC duties, DOLOLO. There was not even a Faculty Council formulated this year. How are student problems meant to be resolved when there is such negligence from LSRC? This is one example out of many. If anyone wants an example of failure and delinquency they only need to look at this year’s SRC

This year, there was no transparency in the finances of this institution because the LSRC Treasure was AWOL. He was absent and nowhere to be found because he was busy fulfilling his in-service duties and thus could not concentrate on his SRC duties. SASCO had to intervene in NSFAS issues and financial assistance for students. The very same R8 million that the SASCO Deployed 2016 SRC fundraised for in 2016 that PASMA disputed last year and said there is no such amount yet this year we are seeing the fruits of it as many students are benefiting from that scholarship. We dare the SRC to call an SRC AGM where they can account to students on that they have done and achieved this year.
This year we even witnessed a dead but living president. The President has been an absent president, absent in capacity, absent in delivery, absent in articulation and absent in performance. The CSRC president has failed on numerous occasions to represent students on all accounts. The only issues that the president represented were in his limited contribution to tender committee and lining his pockets from bribes of service providers. We have a corrupt president, corrupt in thinking, corrupt in work ethic and corrupt in actions. The CSRC president has failed to even address students on issues that matter the most and pasma has fully supported this behaviour even though they are well aware that it is not building student governance in CPUT. It has also been reported that at tremendously important meetings such as council which is the biggest descion making body of the institution the president instead of advocating for us students, he would rather stare at the roof or play candy crush and eat food that is available.
We are also aware that the LSRC Chairperson of the Bellville campus, which is also a pasma deployee, was sent back to his beloved country which he is a citizen of because of presenting fraudulent papers. This event occurred after he returned to South Africa from a weeklong vacation in Namibia. A vacation paid for by the institution. He was sent back to his home country at the Cape Town International Airport on Friday, 08 August 2017. This also put the two other innocent female student lives at risk as they were also associated with him and thus could not gain easy access into the country because of being allied with an illegal immigrant.

As SASCO, it has been brought to our attention that the Dean of Students, booked transport for students from Bellville to Cape Town campus yesterday to come and assist with the shutting down of this campus. We find this to be disturbing as these actions mean that the Dean is in total support of the activities that transpired on Monday, 14 August 2017, and would rather prefer a standstill in academic activities that are main objective of the running of this institution.
We have also witnessed without a sound the new found love relationship between the residence supervisor and pasma. This new relationship has permitted pasma members to changes residences at the middle of the year yet countless students where rejected because there was “no space available”. Many students who truly need residences where forced to squat this year and some sleep at Student Centre yet there rooms available for political friends. Whatever pasma has against him is truly strong enough for him to operate as the oppositions pleases.

We also question the authenticity of the DVC of Academics whom has allowed academics at CPUT to degenerate to the state it has. He has kept quiet on all issues that require him to be vocal and take a stance and in some instances an unpopular stance. We furthermore question the legitimacy and confidence of the newly appointed Vice-Chancellor who has failed to act within the scope of his duties. He has failed to lead this integrity as matter of fact he has acted with fear. Firstly with closing down the institution prematurely when workers were protesting and the recent campus shutdown was a cream on top of it. This has risked academic activities and these decisions where taken without the consent of the SRC again proving the disregard that the management has towards student leadership. The VC needs to act fearlessly and take our institution to greater heights, however if he continues operating in this manner, we might as well table a motion of no confidence in the VC.

The CPT LSRC LHC Officer (res and transport) has dismally failed CPUT students. Students came running to SASCO from the beginning of the year because they could not get assisted from the dramatic officer who thinks life is a drama scene from some low budget Lokshin Bioscope. He has failed to assist students on numerous accounts and is only good at showing his face at events that seeks to give praise to the LSRC for their unknown good work.

We have also noticed with great disappointment for humanity the attempts of pasma to drag the name of our CSRC deployee for a case that was resolved 2 months ago by the judicial office. They were trying to use this as a SRC campaigning strategy that they were hoping would work in their favor. Rape should never ever be used as something to laugh about and campaign over.

Students of CPUT are sick and tired of the constant strikes that have been happening on our institution. Students want to learn and graduate and leave CPUT. Students refuse to be citizens and ancestors of this institution. Silindiwe emakhaya nezatifiketi zethu. There are numerous unfruitful and useless strikes, this trend needs to stop. As academics, we know how to follow protocol and strikes are seen as the last resort.

As SASCO we are pro saving our institution from all these illiterate people who claim to be leaders. That’s why we say #SaveOurInstitution. Save it from corruption. Save it from no transparency. Save it from lack of accountability. Save it from lack of administration. Save it from the lack of university academic programs. Save it from hooligans. Save it from uncoordinated strikes. Save it from populism.

As SASCO we seek to champion the interests of students and seek to ensure access and success in this institution, by fighting for more and better accommodation, more computer labs, more and better-equipped library, lower costs of education etc. We seek to achieve these through mobilizing the broadest sections of students and rallying them behind the call for FREE HIGHER EDUCATION in our lifetime. 

Issued by:

Luchulumanco Nanto
Branch Secretary 
062 685 4615

Nomzamo Madalane
Branch Chairperson
076 565 5284

Monday, 31 July 2017

GOVERNMENT SYSTEMS RESEARCH IN AFRICA

Currently, Africa contains more sovereign nations than any other continent, with 54 countries compared to Asia’s 47. Africa’s tumultuous political history has resulted in extreme disparities between the wealth and stability of its countries. For example, populous and industrialized South Africa has a gross domestic product more than 530 times that of the Comoros. Despite its cultural and economic diversity, Africa contains only four different types of government: presidential and parliamentary republics, semi-presidential republics and monarchies.
1. Presidential Republics
The most widespread form of government in Africa is the presidential republic. In a presidential republic, an elected official, the president, operates independently of the legislature as the executive authority. In Africa, presidential republics vary in regards to the level of power entrusted to the electorate. Some countries, such as Nigeria, operate as true constitutional republics, with transparent elections and leaders beholden to the people. Others, such as Angola, function as virtual autocracies, with presidents who maintain power through force or coercion. Presidents on the continent have sometimes been installed by military coup or civil war rather than elections. Twenty-six African nations, including Zambia, Sudan, Kenya, Chad, Republic of the Congo and Zimbabwe, have presidential republic governments.
2. Parliamentary Republics
Seven African nations possess parliamentary republic governments. Parliamentary republics differ from presidential republics in that executive authority resides in a cabinet of ministers, rather than the president. These ministers come from the elected legislature, which provides popular oversight to the cabinet’s power. Some African nations, such as South Africa, maintain parliamentary systems first established under the colonial rule of Great Britain. Other African parliamentary republics include Ethiopia, Somalia, Botswana and Mauritius. Libya instituted a provisional parliamentary government in the aftermath of the 2011 revolution that overthrew Muammar Gaddafi.
3. Semi-presidential Republics
A semi-presidential government combines elements of presidential and parliamentary systems. Semi-presidential governments have popularly elected presidents that serve as heads of state, and also cabinets beholden to the legislature. A widespread form of government in Africa, semi-presidential systems exist in 17 countries. In Egypt, a semi-presidential government developed in the aftermath of Hosni Mubarak’s downfall and represented an attempt to curb the power of the presidential position. Algeria, Madagascar, Niger, Mali, Rwanda, Tunisia, Djibouti, Uganda and Equatorial Guinea all function as semi-presidential republics.
4. Traditional Monarchies
Monarchies, once widespread throughout Africa, now exist in only three countries. Lesotho, a landlocked sovereign nation entirely surrounded by South Africa, functions as a constitutional monarchy, with the king as the head of state and a prime minister as head of government. Another constitutional monarchy, Morocco, also has a hereditary king who shares power with an elected parliament. Swaziland, a small country in southern Africa, became a nation under the mid-19th century rule of King Mswati II. The king of Swaziland, the last absolute monarch in Africa, oversees all aspects of his country’s economy and military, and appoints a prime minister and cabinet to serve as advisors.

This is an interesting table that I found from Wiki. It sums up the entire African Continent and the different types of governments that exist in our continent.


State
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
parliamentary unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png Chad
presidential unitary republic
presidential federal republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
semi-presidential federal republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
parliamentary unitary constitutional monarchy
presidential unitary republic
parliamentary republic
semi-presidential devolved republic
presidential unitary republic
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png Mali
presidential unitary republic
presidential republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
parliamentary unitary constitutional monarchy
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary federation
presidential unitary republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
semi-presidential federal republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
presidential federal republic
presidential federal republic
presidential federacy republic
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Flag_of_Togo.svg/23px-Flag_of_Togo.svg.png Togo
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
semi-presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic
presidential unitary republic


STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESS OF THE FORM OF GOVERNMENT


PRESIDENTIAL REPUBLICS
Supporters generally claim four basic advantages for presidential systems:
  • Direct elections — in a presidential system, the president is often elected directly by the people. This makes the president's power more legitimate than that of a leader appointed indirectly. However, this is not a necessary feature of a presidential system. Some presidential states have an indirectly elected head of state.
  • Separation of powers — a presidential system establishes the presidency and the legislature as two parallel structures. This allows each structure to monitor and check the other, preventing abuses of power.
  • Speed and decisiveness — A president with strong powers can usually enact changes quickly. However, the separation of powers can also slow the system down.
  • Stability — a president, by virtue of a fixed term, may provide more stability than a prime minister, who can be dismissed at any time.

Critics generally claim three basic disadvantages for presidential systems:
  • Tendency towards authoritarianism — some political scientists say presidentialism raises the stakes of elections, exacerbates their polarization and can lead to authoritarianism (Linz).
  • Political gridlock — the separation of powers of a presidential system establishes the presidency and the legislature as two parallel structures. Critics argue that this can create an undesirable and long-term political gridlock whenever the president and the legislative majority are from different parties, which is common because the electorate usually expects more rapid results from new policies than are possible (Linz, Mainwaring and Shugart). In addition, this reduces accountability by allowing the president and the legislature to shift blame to each other.
  • Impediments to leadership change — presidential systems often make it difficult to remove a president from office early, for example after taking actions that become unpopular.


PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM
  • Boasted about advantages includes but not limited to the fact that it’s faster and easier to pass legislation. The executive branch is dependent upon the direct or indirect support of the legislative branch and often includes members of the legislature. Thus, this would amount to the executive (as the majority party or coalition of parties in the legislature) possessing more votes in order to pass legislation.
  • In a parliamentary system, with a collegial executive, power is more divided. It can also be argued that power is more evenly spread out in the power structure of parliamentarianism. The prime minister seldom tends to have as high importance as a ruling president, and there tends to be a higher focus on voting for a party and its political ideas than voting for an actual person.
  • Parliamentarianism has been praised for producing serious debates, for allowing the change in power without an election, and for allowing elections at any time
Disadvantages include:
  • Can lead to instability. Unlike a President, the prime minister is elected by the majority party, and can be removed at any time if the majority party loses confidence in that person as leader. Additionally, prime ministers may lose their positions solely because they lose their seats in parliament, even though they may still be popular nationally.
  • that there is no truly independent body to oppose and veto legislation passed by the parliament, and therefore no substantial check on legislative power
  • Critics of parliamentary systems point out that people with significant popular support in the community are prevented from becoming prime minister if they cannot get elected to parliament since there is no option to “run for prime minister” like one can run for president under a presidential system.

SEMI-PRESIDENTIAL REPUBLICS
Advantages:
  • It relies on a chain of mutual dependence. Using the French Constitution of 1958 as an example, one of the presidential powers is that they can appoint the prime minister whose role as the head of government is to oversee the everyday running of state affairs, such as "governmental, administrative, and information services." This means that as the head of state, the president, needs the cooperation of the prime minister, and the prime minister needs the cooperation of the president in order for France to achieve an efficient government
  • The president and legislature have a fixed term in government which prevents the creation of an autocratic executive.
Disvantages:
  • According to the UK Essays published on March 23 2015, one of the disadvantages is the contested nature of semi - presidentialism which makes the classification of a semi - presidentialist states more difficult and therefore comparison more complicated. For example Iceland is arguably not a semi - presidential state because the president has more of a ceremonial role. Similarly Russia may also not be classified as a semi - presidential state because the Russian president has too much executive power.
  • There is the potential for gridlock.
TRADITIONAL MONARCHIES
Connect US - The Global Blog, lists the advantages of Traditional Monarchies, as
  • There is continuity. The monarch has no limited terms, so being the head of state is a lifetime position. This is advantageous because it allows the country to develop strong ties with other nations, unlike in other governments where the leader is replaced every four years or so.
  • The preservation of history, culture, and tradition. Aside from a political role, the monarch provides a sense of history, culture, and tradition to the people and can act as a visible symbol of unity.
  • There is a balance of power.The king or queen in a constitutional monarchy serve as a symbolic and non-political head of state, while the political power and decision-making lies on the parliament. This is a good thing because it can prevent monarchs from becoming power hungry. It also encourages a more cohesive form of government as the Prime Minister and advisers are there to guide the monarch in making governing choices. The monarch still has three political rights, which are the right to be consulted, the right to be advised, and the right to warn. And the parliament isn’t necessarily free to just do whatever they want because the monarch can hold formal powers. These can include dissolving the parliament or giving Royal Assent to the legislation.

The Blog goes on to lists the disadvantages as:
  • It makes progression more difficult. Since the monarchical system is deeply engraved in the tradition and customs of a country, it can be more challenging to create internal political changes. Whatever changes will be suggested must be carefully considered in deference to the royal family.
  • The monarch cannot be removed. Because it is a lifelong position, the king or queen cannot be removed no matter how unworthy or poor they are in performing their duties. Also, since the monarchy is passed on by blood rather than by votes or appointment, there can be instances when a child who is still unfit to rule will be put on the throne. This has already happened several times in history.
  • It promotes class privilege. Not everyone can be born into a royal family, so there are only a limited few who can become ruling monarchs of a country. This can further push the idea that success can be achieved based only on your social class instead of your hard work and determination. Another issue is that the maintenance of the lifestyle and the security provided for the royal family is an unnecessary expense for taxpayers.

SOLUTIONS TO THE CHALLENGES GOVERNMENTS ARE FACING IN THE REGION
My solution is ONE for all the forms of government, POWER TO THE PEOPLE! Africa needs to TOTALLY divorce colonisation legacies from its policies to its governance systems.
Each and every single African citizen in its African country needs to have a say in what is going on in his/her country. Every head of state or head of government needs to be held accountable for their administration alongside their cabinet.
We need to do away with Monarchies in Africa. We need a change of power constantly. Africa needs to do away with dictators who rule autocratically and wants the power for themselves and not the total liberation of its citizens more especially those still suffering from colonisation after effects, which are the natives.
Those wishing to contest elections and serve as the Head of State need to have constant report backs to those that voted them in. They need to come back to those who waited in long lines hoping to see a better future for their respective states. They need to remove all the red tapes and be accessible to the public that voted them in.
Leaders must LISTEN to the people. It’s useless to lead people yet you not listen to that. Grenada, can be used as an example of this, whereby the people used democracy in the way that suited them and gave it a new meaning.